Discover: First U.S. Vaccine Linked to Black History Gem

Onesimus, an enslaved African man, suggested a groundbreaking procedure during a devastating smallpox outbreak in Massachusetts in 1721. His idea, derived from his own experience, significantly reduced the mortality rate among those infected with smallpox.

Who was Onesimus?

Onesimus' background is not extensively documented, except for his pivotal role in combating smallpox in 1721. He was an enslaved man in the Maher household, with possible origins from Ghana, who proposed an innovative method for smallpox inoculation.

Despite initial skepticism, Onesimus's approach involved applying pus from an infected person's lesion to a wound on his arm. This method, though making him ill temporarily, proved to be remarkably effective in providing immunity against smallpox.

Impact of Onesimus' Idea

Although met with resistance initially, physician Zabdiel Boylston eventually conducted trials based on Onesimus's suggestion. The success of these inoculations significantly reduced smallpox-related fatalities in Boston, laying the foundation for future vaccination efforts against the disease.

Onesimus's contribution to controlling the smallpox outbreak in Massachusetts in 1721 played a crucial role in pioneering early vaccination methods. This historical account underscores the significant impact of marginalized individuals in advancing medical science and public health.